Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta known as the Tomb in Adria, Italy

Historical Significance

The Basilica of Santa Maria Assunta, also known as della Tomba, holds the distinction of being the oldest existing sacred building in the Polesine region, despite undergoing multiple renovations and extensions over the centuries. It was built on the site of the earlier Basilica della Tomba, which dates back to the first centuries of the Christian era. The location is believed to have been chosen due to its association with an earlier pagan basilica, making the church a significant intersection of both Christian and pre-Christian history. As such, the basilica not only serves as a place of worship but also as an important historical and cultural landmark in the region.

The Meaning of “Tomba”

The nickname Tomba, meaning “tomb,” has sparked various interpretations over the years. One possible explanation is that it refers to the basilica’s proximity to a Roman tomb. Archaeological evidence suggests the presence of Roman-era burial sites in the vicinity, potentially leading to the association with the term “tomb.” Another interpretation is that the name could derive from the church’s elevated location—ad tumulum, meaning “at the tomb”—which places it higher than the surrounding area and other nearby buildings. This elevated position may have contributed to the name, emphasizing the church’s prominence in the landscape and its connection to the concept of a sacred resting place.

Renovations and Modifications

The church’s current appearance is largely due to significant renovations, with the most notable being in 1718. During this renovation, the façade was moved and rebuilt in a more advanced position, which altered the original design of the building. The new façade brought a more modern and refined architectural style to the church, while maintaining its historical essence. In addition to the 1718 renovation, the basilica underwent minor interventions between the 1930s and 1940s, during which further adjustments were made to preserve the structure and adapt it to modern requirements. These renovations helped maintain the basilica’s integrity while ensuring it continued to serve the spiritual needs of the community.

In summary, despite the church’s many changes, its deep historical roots and ongoing renovations ensure that it remains a crucial piece of Polesine’s heritage, serving as both a religious site and a monument to the area’s rich past.